Ch.3 Finding and Evaluating Information Vocabulary
Question

What is the difference between misinformation and disinformation?

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Deep dive

Misinformation vs disinformation: intent is the key

Misinformation is false but not necessarily intentional; disinformation is deliberately deceptive. The exam trap: they often give a scenario where the sharer believes it is true — that is misinformation, not disinformation.

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(function(){ var players = document.querySelectorAll('[data-audio-captions][data-captions-url]'); var parseTimestamp = function(value) { var parts = value.trim().split(':'); var seconds = parts.pop() || '0'; var minutes = parts.pop() || '0'; var hours = parts.pop() || '0'; return (Number(hours) * 3600) + (Number(minutes) * 60) + Number(seconds.replace(',', '.')); }; var parseCues = function(text) { return text .replace(/\r/g, '') .split(/\n\n+/) .map(function(block) { return block.split('\n').filter(Boolean); }) .filter(function(lines) { return lines.length >= 2 && lines[0] !== 'WEBVTT'; }) .map(function(lines) { if (!lines[0].includes('-->')) { lines.shift(); } var timing = lines.shift() || ''; var parts = timing.split('-->').map(function(part) { return part.trim(); }); return { start: parseTimestamp(parts[0] || '0'), end: parseTimestamp(parts[1] || '0'), text: lines.join(' '), }; }) .filter(function(cue) { return Number.isFinite(cue.start) && Number.isFinite(cue.end) && cue.text !== ''; }); }; var findCue = function(cues, time) { return cues.find(function(cue) { return time >= cue.start && time < cue.end; }) || cues.find(function(cue) { return time < cue.start; }) || cues[cues.length - 1] || null; }; players.forEach(function(player) { var audio = player.querySelector('audio'); var output = player.querySelector('[data-audio-captions-output]'); if (!audio || !output) { return; } fetch(player.dataset.captionsUrl) .then(function(response) { return response.ok ? response.text() : ''; }) .then(function(text) { var cues = parseCues(text); var activeText = ''; var render = function() { var cue = findCue(cues, audio.currentTime); if (!cue || cue.text === activeText) { return; } activeText = cue.text; output.textContent = cue.text; }; render(); audio.addEventListener('timeupdate', render); audio.addEventListener('seeked', render); audio.addEventListener('play', render); }); }); })();