Do EU agencies form a 'fourth branch' of EU government?

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Answer

No — they are specialised administrative bodies created by and subordinate to the legislative and executive institutions.

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Bound by conferral (Art. 5 TEU), institutional balance (Art. 13 TEU), and judicial protection (Arts 19 TEU / 263 TFEU).

EU history & treaties (EUR-Lex / european-union.europa.eu)

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