EU Knowledge
EU Budget & Finance
Questions about the EU budget, Multiannual Financial Framework, own resources, and financial regulation.
Overview
Budget and finance questions cover the structure of the EU budget: the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF), own resources system, budget headings, and the annual budgetary procedure. You need to understand how the EU is funded and how spending is allocated.
What is tested
- MFF headings and approximate allocation percentages
- Own resources: customs duties, VAT-based, GNI-based contributions
- The annual budgetary procedure (Commission proposes, Parliament and Council decide)
- NextGenerationEU and the Recovery and Resilience Facility
Preparation tips
- The current MFF (2021-2027) is approximately €1.2 trillion — know the main headings
- Cohesion and agriculture/CAP are historically the two largest spending areas
- Own resources: GNI-based contributions are the largest revenue source
- NextGenerationEU (€806.9 billion) is funded through common borrowing — a historic first
Preparation requires structured EU knowledge
This test category draws on a broad understanding of EU institutions, treaties, procedures, and policies. Our EU Knowledge Database covers all 17 thematic chapters tested by EPSO.
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